Is there anyone who doesn’t like banana fruit? Those who do not like bananas after reading this article may want to give a chance. We introduce you a fruit that is both familiar and whose properties are not known to manyBanana is a long, edible fruit produced by several varieties of large herbaceous flowering plants of the genus Musa. The fruit is changing in size, color, and tightness, but is usually elongated and arcuate, may be green, yellow, red, purple, or brown when full grown. It is with soft flesh, rich in starch and covered with a rind.
The word banana is thought to be of West African origin, possibly from the Wolof word “banaana”, and passed into English via Spanish or Portuguese. The banana grows in piles hanging from the top of the plant. Most edible stone-free bananas come from two wild species: Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana
Banana perhaps one of the most consumed fruit in the world. It is an easily accessible and easily consumed plant, because banana is a very nutritious source of nutrients and contains many vitamins, proteins, minerals and amino acids. Although it is a fruit that is sought only for its taste and smell in Western European countries, it is a very important nutrient in third world countries.
The benefits of banana do not end with counting. Banana improves bone development, relieves nerve weakness and fatigue. It is useful in kidney and joint inflammation, intestinal diseases. But those who have constipation should not eat much. Banana contains vitamins B1, B2, C, A and E.
Banana does not contain any cholesterol even though its calorie level is very high. It contains sodium and potassium substances that improve heart muscles. It revitalizes the muscles that have started to lose their capacity due to potassium sweating and enables them to move more easily. Thanks to vitamin B1, it also affects the normal functioning of nerve tissues and many thanks to the iodine it contains, it helps the thyroid gland to work properly.
The banana plant is the largest gramineous flowering plant. All the outside parts of a banana plant grow from a structure usually called a “corm”. Plants are normally tall and fairly strong and are often conjectured as trees, but which appears to be a trunk is actually a pseudostem. Banana is planted at least 60 cm deep in the land. It grows in a large diversity of lands, as long as it has good drainage and is not compacted. The leaves of banana plants consist of a “stem” (stalk) and a knife (lamina).
Banana is a tropical climate plant. The annual average temperature is above 20 C, and the annual temperature difference does not exceed 4-5 C, it grows in humid air conditioners and humid places. Annual rainfall should be between 1000-2000 mm. Irrigation should be done in situations where sufficient rainfall cannot be obtained. Humidity should be over 60%. Saturated moisture must be removed from the environment in order for the diseases not to spread and develop.
Banana loves shade, they are the most suitable areas for growing under tall trees. When the temperature starts to drop below 20 C, development regression occurs and the banana is damaged at 3 C. Under 4 C, the body is damaged. Measures should be taken against the wind. The strong wind causes great damage to the banana due to its large leaves. It can cause the false trunk to break and trees to fall.
Banana wants food intense during the development period of green parts and fruit development. Only organic fertilizer application is not enough in banana growing. Mineral fertilizer application should also be done. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium fertilization should be done.
Nitrogen is very important in the period when plants appear and growth begins. A lot of nitrogen is used in the spring, when the development begins and the plant starts to attack. A large part of nitrogen is used in the first period. There is a relationship between the use of nitrogen and the amount of dry matter, the amount of dry matter decreases as the use of nitrogen increases. Phosphorus increases root growth and plant nutrient uptake capacity, strengthens cluster formation, and is very important in terms of increasing the number of combs. In order for phosphorus to be taken from the soil, there must be enough water in the environment and the soil pH must be between 5.5 and 7.0. Applying phosphorus one month before birth increases the number of combs. In the lack of phosphorus, the leaf edges die and take the appearance of a saw tooth.
The homeland of organic banana is Malaya and has been grown there for about 10,000 years. Banana production is carried out in most hot countries. Central production in Europe belongs to Iceland. It is grown in greenhouses by heating with geothermal waters 2 degrees below the arctic circle. India, Ecuador, Mexico, Indonesia, Tanzania, Costa Rica, Colombia, Vietnam, Egypt, Bangladesh, Cameroon, Papua New Guinea, Kenya and Honduras are other countries where bananas are grown. Regions where bananas grow in Turkey: Antalya, Mersin, Gazipasa, Anamur, Alanya, Bozyazı
The most important banana exporter countries in the world:
Ecuador 2.557.000 tons,
Costa Rica 1,769,000 tons,
Colombia 1,500,000 tons
Philippines 821,000 tons
Before World War II, Britain held 75% of the world banana trade. After the war, banana trade took over to the USA. Today, more than 50% of the world’s banana trade is in the hands of the USA. World banana trade and market, with a total import value of $ 7 billion, is carried out by multinational companies, mostly of American origin. The most important of these companies are Chiquita, Dole, Del Monte and Coral Gables. These 4 firms control 70% of the world banana trade.
There are many benefits in the peel of the banana as well as the fruit. Banana peel contains plenty of iron, potassium, B, C and vitamin K. It also contains abundant fiber, magnesium, copper and antioxidants. Citric acid in the banana peel helps to reduce yellow spots on the teeth. Thus, the teeth look white and pearly. The banana, which contains many vitamins and minerals, also helps teeth to strengthen while whitening.
Banana peel is used in the treatment of spots on the skin. Vitamins A, B, C and E, which are beneficial for the skin, help in the treatment of spots. At the same time, it provides antioxidant and decreases black spots. Banana peel, which also gives positive results on acne, is a natural remover that removes toxins from the skin pores. This reduces acne by treating it. In addition, it is possible to get rid of inflammation on the skin thanks to the anti-inflammatory feature in the shell.
Other benefits of banana on the skin are;
1. It reduces wrinkles on the skin.
2. Eliminates meats.
3. Eliminates insect and mosquito bites.
4. Helps reduce bloating with detention bags.
Psoriasis, which causes rash on the skin with strong itching in different parts of the body and is known to be chronic skin disease, can also be treated thanks to banana peels. Lutein, which helps protect the skin from the damage of sun rays, and other antioxidants are found in banana peel. The fatty acids contained in it help reduce the itching and dryness symptoms on the skin and help moisturize the skin. Another benefit of banana peel is on the elimination of warts. Banana peel contains many enzymes that can help eliminate warts. Fighting the virus caused by the wart plays an active role.
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